When Adults Should See an Occupational Therapist or Speech Pathologist

claire2876
Jul 20
2 min read

Many people associate occupational therapy and speech pathology with children, but adults (ages 18–65) also benefit from these services—particularly after illness, injury, or during the management of long-term conditions. Whether someone is recovering from a stroke, managing a disability, or struggling with their voice at work, OTs and SPs can provide vital support for function, independence, and quality of life.

Early intervention in adulthood can prevent unnecessary complications, improve outcomes, and support a return to meaningful daily activities.

✋ When to Refer to an Occupational Therapist

Occupational therapists support adults with physical, cognitive, and psychosocial needs across a variety of settings—including at home, in the workplace, or in the community. Consider an OT referral if someone:

Has experienced an injury or neurological event: Following a stroke, traumatic brain injury, or surgery, OTs assist with retraining self-care skills like dressing, showering, cooking, and mobility.
Is returning to work after illness: OTs provide functional capacity assessments, ergonomic advice, and support to gradually resume work tasks safely and sustainably.
Is living with a chronic health condition: For conditions like MS, chronic fatigue, arthritis, or mental illness, therapy can support pacing strategies, energy conservation, and home modifications.
Struggles with executive functioning: Adults with ADHD, autism, or acquired brain injuries may benefit from help with time management, planning, and routines.
Needs assistive technology or environmental changes: From grab rails and shower chairs to adaptive cooking equipment and electric beds, OTs assess, prescribe, and complete funding reports.

Whether it’s regaining independence after an injury or maintaining function in the face of progressive illness, OT provides practical, goal-driven solutions tailored to each person’s lifestyle.

🗣️ When to Refer to a Speech Pathologist

Speech pathologists support communication and swallowing across all stages of adulthood. A referral is recommended if someone:

Has speech or language changes following a stroke or brain injury: Aphasia, dysarthria, and apraxia can make it difficult to express thoughts clearly or be understood.
Experiences swallowing difficulties (dysphagia): Coughing while eating, food sticking in the throat, or a need to modify textures should be assessed promptly to avoid choking or aspiration pneumonia.
Is struggling with their voice: Teachers, performers, public speakers, or anyone who uses their voice professionally may develop voice strain or hoarseness that requires therapy.
Has neurodegenerative conditions: SPs can help manage progressive changes in communication and swallowing in conditions like Parkinson’s disease, motor neurone disease, or dementia.
Has a lifelong or developmental disability: Adults with autism, intellectual disability, or hearing loss may benefit from support with social communication, AAC devices, or building self-advocacy skills.

Speech pathologists empower adults to maintain or regain their voice—literally and figuratively—across personal, professional, and social contexts.

🤝 Therapy that Fits Your Life

Adult therapy isn’t about worksheets or drills. It’s about real-life goals—whether that’s preparing meals safely, navigating social events with confidence, or returning to a beloved hobby after illness.

With the right support, adults can adapt, recover, and thrive—regardless of diagnosis or disability.